Antibiotics for cystitis are prescribed after examination and identification of the causative agent of the disease.At the same time, a test is carried out to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to various drugs.Based on the information received, the doctor creates a treatment regimen that is necessary to effectively fight the infection and prevent serious complications.
Efficiency
Pathogenic microflora is capable of developing resistance to various drugs, so modern antibiotics have a wide spectrum of action, allowing them to destroy almost all pathogenic microorganisms.The most popular drug is fosfomycin.
The antibacterial agent is available in powder form.This ensures its high bioavailability.The active substance destroys bacterial cells, alleviating the main symptoms of infection.A wide spectrum of action and a minimal number of side effects allow fosfomycin to be used for various forms of cystitis.
In acute
In the case of an acute inflammatory process in the bladder, it is necessary to quickly stop the growth of pathogenic microflora and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.For this purpose, modern antibiotics of proven effectiveness are used.
For acute cystitis, Monural is often prescribed.Its main component can accumulate in the tissues of the urinary system and maintain the therapeutic effect for a long time.For an uncomplicated infection, one application is sufficient.
For chronic
In the case of chronic cystitis, the antibacterial agent should be chosen more carefully, based on test data.Depending on the sensitivity of bacteria to various substances, the doctor determines the name, form of release and dose of the drug.
With blood
When inflammation of the bladder mucosa is accompanied by bleeding, the patient is usually hospitalized and given antibiotic injections.Hemorrhagic cystitis is a major health hazard.Therefore, the course of treatment takes place in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor.
Fluoroquinolones
In the complex therapy of cystitis, drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones are often used.These are broad-spectrum synthetic antibiotics that can interrupt the synthesis of DNA of pathogenic bacteria.
Most fluoroquinolones are effective against gram-negative pathogenic microflora.At the same time, gram-positive microorganisms, such as streptococci, enterococci and pneumococci, as well as anaerobic bacteria, show resistance to these substances.
Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin are prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other urinary tract infections.Tablets have a number of contraindications.They must not be used by children under the age of 18, pregnant and lactating women, patients with kidney, liver and cardiovascular insufficiency.
Cephalosporins
The cephalosporin group of antibacterial agents includes 5 generations of drugs that can destroy the cell walls of bacteria.Medicines are available in different forms: tablets, solutions and powders for injections, and in the form of suspensions.The peculiarity of the drugs is that they are characterized by relatively low toxicity.Antibiotics of this group are sometimes prescribed to small children.
Cephalosporin side effects often include nausea and vomiting or allergic skin reactions.For cystitis, the doctor can prescribe cephalexin monohydrate, cefixime, cefaclor, ceftriaxone.
Penicillins
The list of drugs included in the penicillin group is quite wide, because this type of antibiotic was created earlier than others.The drugs affect the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of the cell wall of the infectious agent.However, a large number of types of pathogenic microflora have developed resistance to penicillins.Therefore, these drugs are used less and less for the treatment of inflammatory processes in the urinary system.Ampicillin or amoxicillin can be prescribed for cystitis.
Hydroxyquinolines
Derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline are characterized by intense antimicrobial activity.These compounds interfere with DNA gyrase synthesis in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, stopping their further reproduction.From the group of hydroxyquinolines, nitroxoline is used in the complex treatment of cystitis.
This drug is prescribed when treatment with other drugs has not brought a positive result.The antibiotic has numerous contraindications and can cause serious side effects, so it is strictly forbidden to use it without a doctor's recommendation.
Quinolones
The quinolone group of drugs with bactericidal action was created on the basis of nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid) and pipemidic acid (pipemidic acid).
Medicines from this series have proven to be effective uroantiseptics, so they are often prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other infectious diseases of the urinary tract.However, not all pathogens are sensitive to these antibiotics, so you should undergo an examination before starting treatment.
Nitrofurans
A class of synthetic antimicrobial agents called nitrofurans includes popular tablets such as nitrofurantoin and furazidine.
These drugs contain active components that are quickly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate the lesion and accumulate in the urine and kidneys.Medicines stop the growth of bacteria and destroy them.The difficulty of using nitrofuran is that these drugs cause unwanted reactions in the body.
Macrolides
Medicines from the group of macrolides are of natural origin, and have a minimal toxic effect on the human body, so they are considered the safest antibacterial agents for cystitis.
Tablets such as Roxithromycin and Azithromycin are effective for inflammation of the bladder mucosa.Their active ingredients destabilize the synthesis of special enzymes in bacterial ribosomes.As a result, pathogenic microorganisms, including intracellular ones, die.Macrolides also stimulate the body's immune response.
Tetracyclines
Antibiotics of the tetracycline group are able to destroy the membranes of bacterial cells.These drugs are active against gram-positive aerobic pathogens.Tetracycline drugs are effective against infections with certain gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.
However, the spectrum of action of antibiotics is quite narrow compared to other drugs in this pharmaceutical field.Therefore, tetracyclines are prescribed only after receiving the test results.Doxycycline is most often used for cystitis.
Levomycetins
The main active ingredient found in drugs from the chloramphenicol group is a component whose properties are identical to the natural antibiotic chloramphenicol.Levomycetin and its analogues are effective against many types of pathogenic microflora.The antibiotic has a bacteriostatic effect.
However, many urinary tract infection pathogens have developed resistance to chloramphenicol.In addition, the drug has many contraindications.Therefore, for the treatment of cystitis, Levomycetin is prescribed only in cases where therapy with other drugs has not given a positive result.
Herbal medicines
Herbal medicines are used to treat inflammatory processes in the organs of the urinary system.
A natural remedy based on cranberry is very effective against urinary tract infections.The berry has a bactericidal and diuretic effect, helps to strengthen the immune system.
Contraindications
Antibiotics are strong drugs and have a number of contraindications.Using medicines without consulting a doctor can lead to serious health consequences.During the treatment of an infectious lesion of the urinary bladder, you must strictly adhere to the urologist's recommendations, adhere to the dose and duration of use of the prescribed drugs.
During pregnancy
During pregnancy, most antibiotics are contraindicated, because the active components penetrate the placental barrier and can cause fetal malformations.Herbal medicines are often prescribed during pregnancy.The doctor selects antibacterial drugs for the expectant mother individually, in cases where the benefit for the woman is greater than the potential risk for the child.
When you are breastfeeding
Strong medications are also prohibited during breastfeeding.Antibiotics used in the treatment of cystitis in women can harm the baby if the active substances are excreted in the milk.It is recommended to transfer the child to artificial nutrition during the entire period of therapy.
For children
Children should not be given antibacterial drugs without consulting a doctor.A number of drugs are contraindicated at an early age.In addition, the dose of the drug in most cases is calculated based on the weight of the child.
For men
The doctor always chooses an antibiotic, taking into account not only the course of the disease, but also the general health of the patient.
For men with acute liver failure, cardiovascular and renal failure, cerebral atherosclerosis and other severe pathologies, numerous drugs are contraindicated.Some antibiotics negatively affect potency and reproductive function.This must be taken into account when taking medication.
Complications
When the bladder becomes inflamed, there is a risk of complications affecting all pelvic organs.The infection can penetrate the kidneys, causing severe pyelonephritis.Bacterial infection of the urinary tract is dangerous for women due to various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs.
If the patient did not follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage of drugs and the duration of therapy, then the pathogenic flora that caused the infection can develop resistance to drugs and become chronic.In this case, it is extremely difficult to completely cure cystitis.Chronic infection contributes to the general intoxication of the body and the reduction of immunity.
Reviews
The best way to cure cystitis at home is to drink Fosfomycin.You only need one pack of powder.No symptoms the next day.There are no side effects either.If I hadn't tried it myself, I wouldn't have believed that in just one day you can get rid of pain, itching and constant trips to the toilet.The product is expensive, but effective.
Inexpensive products can also fight infection well.Fosfomycin and Ofloxacin proved this once again.I took an antibiotic and then herbal medicines to increase the effect according to the regimen recommended by the doctor.The symptoms of inflammation passed quickly, I stopped running to the toilet every half hour and returned to a normal life.I just had to take probiotics to avoid dysbiosis.I didn't notice any more side effects.